Widows who outlive two husbands cannot double their survivors’ benefits under the Canada Pension Plan, says a federal judge. Parliament intended the Plan to operate as an insurance program not “a social welfare scheme,” said the Federal Court of Appeal: “Giving to some takes from others.”

Canada’s third largest university has lost a claim to photocopy millions of pages of copyright works for free. The Supreme Court in a 9-0 ruling dismissed the appeal by York University: “It has resulted in a 76 percent decrease in royalties to creators and publishers.”

Blacklock’s pauses for the August bank holiday with warmest regards to subscribers. We wish you a safe, happy holiday. We’ll be back tomorrow — The Editor.